Q1) What is the force of gravity between two objects inversely proportional to?
a) The square of the distance between them
b) The cube of the distance between them
c) The distance between them
d) The mass of one of the objects
Answer: a) The square of the distance between them
Q2) Who formulated the law of universal gravitation?
a) Isaac Newton
b) Albert Einstein
c) Galileo Galilei
d) Johannes Kepler
Answer: a) Isaac Newton
Q3) According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, what happens to the gravitational force between two objects if the distance between them is doubled?
a) It is halved
b) It is quartered
c) It is doubled
d) It is quadrupled
Answer: b) It is quartered
Q4) What is the SI unit of gravitational force?
a) Newton
b) Joule
c) Kilogram
d) Meter
Answer: a) Newton
Q5) Which of the following best describes the gravitational field strength?
a) The force experienced per unit mass at a point in a gravitational field
b) The mass of an object divided by its volume
c) The distance traveled by an object under gravity in a unit of time
d) The acceleration of an object due to gravity
Answer: a) The force experienced per unit mass at a point in a gravitational field
Q6) What happens to the gravitational force between two objects if the mass of one of the objects is doubled?
a) It is halved
b) It is doubled
c) It remains the same
d) It becomes zero
Answer: b) It is doubled
Q7) Which of the following statements is true regarding gravitational potential energy?
a) It is a vector quantity
b) It is always negative
c) It depends only on the mass of the object
d) It increases with increasing distance from the gravitational source
Answer: d) It increases with increasing distance from the gravitational source
Q8) If an object is moved to a higher altitude above the Earth's surface, what happens to its gravitational potential energy?
a) It decreases
b) It increases
c) It remains the same
d) It becomes zero
Answer: b) It increases
Q9) What happens to the gravitational force between two objects if the mass of both objects is doubled?
a) It is halved
b) It is quartered
c) It is doubled
d) It remains the same
Answer: c) It is doubled
Q10) What is the escape velocity?
a) The velocity required for an object to enter a stable orbit around a celestial body
b) The velocity required for an object to overcome the gravitational pull of a celestial body and never return
c) The velocity required for an object to exit the solar system
d) The velocity required for an object to reach the speed of light
Answer: b) The velocity required for an object to overcome the gravitational pull of a celestial body and never return
Q11) What does Kepler's third law state?
a) The square of the period of revolution of a planet is proportional to the cube of its semi-major axis.
b) The velocity of a planet in its orbit is constant.
c) The force of gravity between two objects is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
d) The planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus.
Answer: a) The square of the period of revolution of a planet is proportional to the cube of its semi-major axis.
Q12) Which of the following objects has the strongest gravitational field at its surface?
a) A neutron star
b) A white dwarf
c) The Earth
d) The Moon
Answer: a) A neutron star
Q13) What happens to the gravitational force between two objects if the distance between them is tripled?
a) It is halved
b) It is quartered
c) It is multiplied by nine
d) It remains the same
Answer: b) It is quartered
Q14) The gravitational force between two objects depends on:
a) The product of their masses and the square of the distance between them
b) The sum of their masses and the square of the distance between them
c) The product of their masses and the distance between them
d) The sum of their masses and the distance between them
Answer: a) The product of their masses and the square of the distance between them
Q15) If the mass of the Earth were doubled and its radius remained the same, what would happen to the acceleration due to gravity at the Earth's surface?
a) It would double
b) It would halve
c) It would remain the same
d) It would quadruple
Answer: c) It would remain the same
Q16) What is the formula for gravitational force between two objects?
a) F = G(m1 + m2) / r
b) F = G(m1 * m2) / r²
c) F = G(m1 + m2) / r²
d) F = G(m1 * m2) / r
Answer: b) F = G(m1 * m2) / r²
Q17) Which of the following is NOT true regarding the gravitational force between two objects?
a) It is a long-range force.
b) It is always attractive.
c) It can be repulsive under certain conditions.
d) Its magnitude depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between them.
Answer: c) It can be repulsive under certain conditions.
Q18) What is the gravitational force experienced by an object of mass 10 kg on the surface of the Earth (g ≈ 9.8 m/s²)?
a) 98 N
b) 10 N
c) 9.8 N
d) 0.98 N
Answer: a) 98 N
Q19) What happens to the gravitational force between two objects if the distance between them is increased by a factor of 3?
a) It decreases by a factor of 3
b) It decreases by a factor of 9
c) It increases by a factor of 3
d) It increases by a factor of 9
Answer: b) It decreases by a factor of 9
Q20) What is the value of the universal gravitational constant (G)?
a) 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ Nm²/kg²
b) 9.8 m/s²
c) 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s
d) 9.81 N/kg
Answer: a) 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ Nm²/kg²