Q1) Which law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another?

a) First law

b) Second law

c) Third law

d) Zeroth law

Q2) The study of heat and its relationship with work is known as:

a) Thermodynamics

b) Electrostatics

c) Mechanics

d) Electrodynamics

Q3) What is the SI unit of heat energy?

a) Joule

b) Calorie

c) Watt

d) Newton

Q4) The internal energy of a system is the sum of its:

a) Kinetic and potential energies

b) Kinetic energy only

c) Potential energy only

d) None of the above

Q5) The process in which heat is absorbed by a system from the surroundings is called:

a) Adiabatic process

b) Isothermal process

c) Endothermic process

d) Exothermic process

Q6) Which of the following is a state function?

a) Heat

b) Work

c) Internal energy

d) Entropy

Q7) The entropy of a system tends to increase over time according to which law of thermodynamics?

a) First law

b) Second law

c) Third law

d) Zeroth law

Q8) The efficiency of a heat engine is given by:

a) (Work output / Heat input) × 100%

b) (Heat input / Work output) × 100%

c) (Heat output / Work input) × 100%

d) (Work input / Heat output) × 100%

Q9) Which of the following is a reversible process?

a) Isochoric process

b) Adiabatic process

c) Isothermal process

d) Irreversible process

Q10) The absolute zero temperature corresponds to:

a) 0°C

b) -273.15°C

c) 0 K

d) -459.67°F

Q11) The Carnot cycle consists of which four processes?

a) Isothermal expansion, isothermal compression, adiabatic expansion, adiabatic compression

b) Isothermal expansion, adiabatic compression, isothermal compression, adiabatic expansion

c) Adiabatic expansion, isothermal compression, adiabatic compression, isothermal expansion

d) Adiabatic expansion, isothermal expansion, adiabatic compression, isothermal compression

Q12) Which law of thermodynamics defines absolute zero temperature?

a) First law

b) Second law

c) Third law

d) Zeroth law

Q13) The change in entropy (∆S) is given by:

a) ∆S = Q/T

b) ∆S = Q/T + W

c) ∆S = Q/T - W

d) ∆S = W/T

Q14) The heat capacity at constant volume (Cv) is defined as:

a) Cv = ∆Q / ∆T

b) Cv = ∆U / ∆T

c) Cv = ∆P / ∆V

d) Cv = ∆V / ∆P

Q15) The efficiency of a Carnot engine depends on:

a) The working substance

b) The temperature difference between the source and the sink

c) The volume of the engine

d) The pressure of the engine

Q16) Which of the following is NOT a thermodynamic process?

a) Isochoric process

b) Isobaric process

c) Adiabatic process

d) Isomeric process

Q17) The area under the curve on a P-V diagram represents:

a) Work done

b) Heat absorbed

c) Temperature change

d) Internal energy change

Q18) What is the entropy change of an ideal gas in an isothermal process?

a) 0

b) Positive

c) Negative

d) Cannot be determined

Q19) The Joule-Thomson coefficient (µ) is defined as:

a) (∂T/∂P)H

b) (∂P/∂T)H

c) (∂V/∂T)P

d) (∂T/∂V)P

Q20) The efficiency of a refrigerator is given by:

a) (Heat removed / Work input)

b) (Work input / Heat removed)

c) (Heat removed / Heat input)

d) (Heat input / Heat removed)