Q1) Who proposed the planetary model of the atom?

a) Ernest Rutherford

b) Niels Bohr

c) J.J. Thomson

d) Albert Einstein

Q2) What is the charge of a proton?

a) Positive

b) Negative

c) Neutral

d) Variable

Q3) Which subatomic particle has a mass of approximately 1 amu?

a) Proton

b) Electron

c) Neutron

d) Positron

Q4) What is the total number of electrons that can occupy the second energy level (shell) in an atom?

a) 2

b) 4

c) 8

d) 18

Q5) Who discovered the electron?

a) J.J. Thomson

b) Ernest Rutherford

c) Robert Millikan

d) Dmitri Mendeleev

Q6) What is the charge of an electron?

a) Positive

b) Negative

c) Neutral

d) Variable

Q7) What is the charge of a neutron?

a) Positive

b) Negative

c) Neutral

d) Variable

Q8) What is the term for atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons?

a) Isotopes

b) Ions

c) Isomers

d) Isobars

Q9) Which scientist proposed the plum pudding model of the atom?

a) J.J. Thomson

b) Ernest Rutherford

c) Niels Bohr

d) Werner Heisenberg

Q10) What is the mass number of an atom?

a) The number of protons

b) The number of neutrons

c) The sum of protons and neutrons

d) The number of electrons

Q11) Who proposed the concept of quantized energy levels in atoms?

a) Niels Bohr

b) Werner Heisenberg

c) Erwin Schrödinger

d) Max Planck

Q12) What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the third energy level (shell) in an atom?

a) 2

b) 8

c) 18

d) 32

Q13) What is the atomic number of an element?

a) The number of protons

b) The number of electrons

c) The number of neutrons

d) The sum of protons and neutrons

Q14) Who proposed the wave-particle duality of matter?

a) Albert Einstein

b) Werner Heisenberg

c) Louis de Broglie

d) Max Planck

Q15) What is the shape of an s orbital?

a) Spherical

b) Dumbbell-shaped

c) Cloverleaf-shaped

d) Elliptical

Q16) Which quantum number determines the shape of an atomic orbital?

a) Principal quantum number (n)

b) Azimuthal quantum number (l)

c) Magnetic quantum number (ml)

d) Spin quantum number (ms)

Q17) What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy an orbital?

a) 1

b) 2

c) 4

d) 8

Q18) What is the shape of a p orbital?

a) Spherical

b) Dumbbell-shaped

c) Cloverleaf-shaped

d) Elliptical

Q19) Who developed the uncertainty principle?

a) Werner Heisenberg

b) Erwin Schrödinger

c) Max Planck

d) Niels Bohr

Q20) What is the mass of a neutron?

a) Approximately 1 amu

b) Approximately 1/1836 amu

c) Approximately 1/12 amu

d) Approximately 1.67 x 10^-27 kg