Q1) Which of the following statements best defines a solution?

a) A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances

b) A heterogeneous mixture of two or more substances

c) A pure substance with a fixed composition

d) A substance that cannot be separated by physical means

Q2) What is the solvent in a solution of sugar dissolved in water?

a) Sugar

b) Water

c) Both sugar and water

d) None of the above

Q3) What is the solute in a solution of salt dissolved in water?

a) Salt

b) Water

c) Both salt and water

d) None of the above

Q4) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic property of solutions?

a) They are transparent.

b) They can be separated by filtration.

c) They do not scatter light.

d) They have variable composition.

Q5) What is the process called when a solute dissolves in a solvent to form a solution?

a) Precipitation

b) Dissociation

c) Solvation

d) Crystallization

Q6) What is the term for a solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature?

a) Unsaturated solution

b) Saturated solution

c) Supersaturated solution

d) Dilute solution

Q7) What is the solubility of a substance?

a) The rate at which it dissolves in a solvent

b) The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature

c) The density of the solute in a solution

d) The concentration of the solvent in a solution

Q8) Which of the following factors does NOT affect the solubility of a solid solute in a liquid solvent?

a) Temperature

b) Pressure

c) Particle size

d) Nature of solute and solvent

Q9) What is the Henry's law constant (kH) related to?

a) Solubility of gases in liquids

b) Solubility of solids in liquids

c) Solubility of liquids in liquids

d) Solubility of solids in gases

Q10) What is the molality of a solution?

a) The number of moles of solute per liter of solution

b) The number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent

c) The mass of solute per liter of solution

d) The mass of solute per kilogram of solvent

Q11) Which of the following statements about molarity (M) is correct?

a) It is expressed in moles per liter of solvent.

b) It depends on the temperature of the solution.

c) It is the same as molality (m).

d) It is independent of the volume of the solution.

Q12) What is the concentration of a solution with 0.5 moles of solute dissolved in 1 liter of solvent?

a) 0.5 M

b) 1 M

c) 0.5 mol/L

d) 1 mol/L

Q13) What is the freezing point depression of a solution compared to its pure solvent?

a) It is higher.

b) It is lower.

c) It is the same.

d) It depends on the nature of the solute.

Q14) Which of the following methods can be used to separate a solute from a solution?

a) Evaporation

b) Filtration

c) Distillation

d) All of the above

Q15) What is a colligative property of a solution?

a) A property that depends on the nature of the solute particles

b) A property that depends on the number of solute particles

c) A property that is not affected by the presence of solute particles

d) A property that is independent of the concentration of the solution

Q16) Which of the following is a colligative property of a solution?

a) Vapor pressure lowering

b) Boiling point elevation

c) Freezing point depression

d) All of the above

Q17) What happens to the boiling point of a solution compared to its pure solvent?

a) It decreases.

b) It increases.

c) It remains the same.

d) It depends on the nature of the solute.

Q18) Which of the following statements about osmosis is correct?

a) It is the movement of solvent molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semipermeable membrane.

b) It is the movement of solute molecules from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration through a semipermeable membrane.

c) It is the movement of solvent molecules from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration through a semipermeable membrane.

d) It is the movement of solute molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration through a semipermeable membrane.

Q19) What is the van't Hoff factor (i) related to?

a) The dissociation of solute particles in a solution

b) The association of solute particles in a solution

c) The size of solute particles in a solution

d) The density of solute particles in a solution

Q20) What does it mean if a solution is isotonic?

a) It has a higher solute concentration compared to another solution.

b) It has a lower solute concentration compared to another solution.

c) It has the same solute concentration as another solution.

d) It has no solute dissolved in it.